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wOnderfulWASHINGTONp.5p.4p.11p.15p.22WashingtonStateCommunityTradeandEconomicDevelopmentTourismOcePOBox42500OlympiaWA98504ProjectManagementCherylRasch360-725-4183PublishedbyVisitorsGuidePublications215W.HollyStreetH-24BellinghamWA98225360-676-8625PublisherMarcusYearoutWrittenbyAudreyFraggaloschEducationConsultantBradCoulterGraphicDesignJulieDeFoerGoodEyeDesign2006.Allrightsreserved.Reproductionforclassroomuseonly.Anyotherusewithoutwrittenpermissionisstrictlyprohibited.EveryeortwasmadetoensureaccuracyoftheinformationcontainedinthisguidehoweverneitherWashingtonStateTourismnorVisitorsGuidePublicationsandtheirassigneesassumesanyresponsibilityorliabilityforinaccuracyomissioninfringementsofanythirdpartysrightsoranyotherinjurywhatsoever. whatsinsideOverviewofWashingtonState..........2StateSymbols....................................3OurExtraordinaryGeography............4HistoricWashington..........................12WildNaturalWashington..............15FunStufftoDo..................................18WashingtonQuiz.......insidebackcoverStateMap...............foldoutbackcoverp.23 IfyoulookatamapWashingtonStateislocatedinthefarnorthwestcorneroftheU.S.rightnexttothePacicOcean.OurneighbortothenorthisCanadatotheeastisIdahoandtothesouthisOregon.isbeautifulregioniscalledthePacicNorthwest.Washingtonisspecialaswearetheonlystatenamedafterapresident-GeorgeWashington.OurnicknameistheEvergreenStatebecauseofourlushforests.Wealsohavemilesofoceanbeachessnow-cappedmountainsdrydesertsandrockyrivercanyons.Wereoverowingwithwildplacesandfunstutodo.Youcanclimbupavolcanoorhikeintoarainforest.Watchawhalesplashorabaldeaglesoar.Touchastarshorasalmon.Digforclamsorforfossils.Kayakupariverorskidownamountain.Visitaghosttownoranoldloggingmuseum.TakeinaWildWestrodeooranIndianpowwow.EveryyearthousandsofvisitorscometoexploreWashington.WearefamousforapplescherriesrainStarbuckscoeeBoeingairplanesMountSt.HelensandMicrosoft.WehopeyouwillcomeandvisitussoontoowhereintheworldisWASHINGTON WatchtheYellowBirdWillowGoldnchSmellthePinkFlowerCoastRhododendronAWashingtonNativeTreeWesternHemlockAnEndangeredMarineMammalOrcaWhaleatsareallyoldFossilColumbianMammothItsnotacreepycrawlerInsectGreenDarnerDragonyAprizedsportFishSteelheadTroutatsaYummyFruitAppleAnEasternWashingtonGrassBluebunchWheatgrassItsaPerfectlyPreservedGemPetriedWoodFollowthatDanceSquareDanceSingthatSongWashingtonMyHomeWoodyGuthriesFolkSongRollOnColumbiaRollOnWearaColorfulTartandesignedbyMargaretMcLeodVanNusFrankCannonitaFlytheFlagGreenwiththeocialsealItsapresidentialSealPortraitofGeorgeWashingtonWherestheStateCapitolOlympiaFormoreinformationonWashingtonStatessymbolsvisitwww1.leg.wa.govLegislatureStatesymbolsItsOciallyFun...WashingtonStateSymbols fastfactsgeographyWASHINGTONOurExtraordinaryLandscapeMostpeopleknowthatWashingtonhasspectacularmountainsandawesomeoceanbeachesbutdidyouknowthatwealsohavevastgrasslandsanddazzlingdesertsWeevenhaveareal-livevolcanothatyoucanclimbupAmazinggeologicalforcesshapedourextraordinarilydiverselandscape.Overthecourseofmillionsofyearseryvolcaniceruptionsgiantoodsandslow-movingglaciersshapedourmountainsvalleyslakesandrivers.ousandsofyearsagovolcanoesspilledlayerafterlayerofboilinghotlavaacrosstheland.Centuriesagohugeicesheetscrawledoverthelandcarvingoutchannelslakesandrivers.MassiveoodsduringtheIceAgessweptacrosstheinteriorofWashingtoncreatingplateausandcanyons.Largepiecesofrockbeneaththeearthscrustalsoshapetheland.esearecalledtectonicplates.eymoveandbumpintoeachotherveryslowlyovermillionsofyears.Sometimeswecanfeelthemovementinanearthquake.Manyvolcanoesoccurinplaceswheretectonicplatesbumptogetherorpullapart.WashingtonsHighestMountainsMountRainier14410feetMountAdams12276feetMountBaker10778feetGlacierPeak10568feetMountSt.Helens8365feetJohnMarshall TakeaMagicCarpetRidePerhapstheeasiestwaytopicturewhatWashingtonsgeographylookslikeistoimagineyourselfyingoverthestateonamagiccarpet.IfyoustartatthePacicOceanyouwilllookdownandseeacoastlinewithsandyshoresinthesouthandruggedrockystretchesinthenorth.erearehundredsoflittleislandsandwaterways.Movinginlandyouwillglimpsehighmountainrangessomewithsnow-cappedpeaks.Lushgreenforestsgrowdowntheslopesofthemountainsandcovermuchofthewesternhalfofthestate.OntheothersideofthemountainsineasternWashingtonthelandscapechangestorollingfarmlandshighplainsdeeprivercanyonsanddrydesert.InthefarnortheasterncornerofthestateyouwillseetheRockyMountains.WesternWashingtonWesternWashingtonisfamousforitsrain.WhyisitsowetWhenmoistwindsblowinfromthePacicOceanandhitthehighmountainsofwesternWashingtontheirmoisturecoolsandfallsasrain.isamazingamountofrainhelpsourhugetreesandrainforestsgrow.OlympicPeninsulaMountainsewettestareaofthestateistheOlympicPeninsulawhichisdrenchedwithover130inchesofrainperyear.isiswhereyoucanexploreourrainforestsandwalkundertalltreesfantasticfernsandmonstermosses.RisingupfromtheOlympicPeninsulaaretheOlympicMountains.ehighestpeakisMountOlympus7965feetwhichislocatedinbeautifulOlympicNationalPark.CascadeMountainsVolcanoeseCascadesareWashingtonslargestmountainrange.eyrunfromnorth-to-southandcutthestatealmostintwocreatingwesternandeasternWashingtonandourdierentclimates.DidyouknowthatthevetallestmountainpeaksintheCascadesarevolcanoesYoucanseetheirhugesnow-cappeddomesfrommilesaway.etallestoftheseisMountRainierat14410feet.isdormantMountSt.HelensOnMay181980a5.1magnitudeearthquakestruckthemountainandtriggeredamassivemudslidethelargestinrecordedhistory.Riversofhotmudpoureddownthemountainsiderippingtreesfromthegroundcloggingriversanddestroyingover200squaremilesoftimber.Windsreached670milesperhourandcarriedtemperaturesof800degreesFahrenheit.Withinminutesanashcloudblastedupover10milesintotheaircarrying500milliontonsofash.Plantandanimallifeintheblastzonewasdecimatedandfty-sevenpeopledied. volcanoiscoveredbymorethan35squaremilesofsnowandiceyear-roundAfterMountRainierthefourtallestmountainsareMountAdamsMountBakerGlacierPeakandMountSt.Helens.MountBakerholdstherecordforthemostsnowfallintheU.S.In1999anincredible95feetofsnowfellOurmostfamousandactivevolcanoMountSaintHelensblewitstopin1980seesidebarpage5.BeforetheeruptionMountSt.Helenshadabeautifulsnow-cappedpeak.etop1312feetofthemountainwasblastedawayandmostofthenorthsideleavingahugegapingholebigenoughtotacity.Sincetheeruptionplantshavestartedgrowingbackandwildlifehasourishedagain.In1982MountSt.HelensNationalHistoricVolcanicMonumentwascreated.Youcanvisitthisareahikeupandevenpeekintothecraterofareal-livevolcanoPugetSoundandIslandsNestledbetweentheCascadeandOlympicMountainsisahugeglacialordknownasPugetSoundpronouncedPYEW-jit.ItisconnectedtothePacicOceanviatheStraitofJuandeFuca.Glacierscarvedoutthisspectacularwaterwaywithitsrockyshorelineofover1300miles.ManylargeandsmallislandsarefoundinPugetSound.eSanJuanIslandsisthelargestgroupwithover200islands.eprotectedwatersaroundtheSanJuanIslandsareperfectforkayakingsailingshingwhalewatchingandbirding.Manyofthesmallerislandsandrocksarewildliferefugesthatprovidehomesforbirdssealsandsealions.esceniclowlandsborderingPugetSoundarehometomorethanhalfofWashingtonspopula-tion.ManyofourlargestcitiesincludingSeattlearelocatedhere.EasternWashingtonWhilewesternWashingtonisfamousforitsraineasternWash-ingtonisknownforitssunshine.isisbecausetheCascadeMountainsblockthemoistPacicairandcreatearainshadowovereasternWashington.Someareasgetaslittleas6inchesofrainfastfactsRainshadowEasternWashingtonliesintherainshadowoftheCascadesMountains.isiswhyithasadrywarmclimate.geographyWASHINGTONMattBrownHeatherSteele eachyear.Sopackawayyourumbrellaandputonyoursunglasses.Itisdryandwarmhereandyoucansmellsagebrushintheair.EasternWashingtonhaslotsoffarmsorchardsforestedhillsdrygrasslandsandwideopenspaces.Largeriversandvalleyscutacrossthelandscape.IrrigationalongtheColumbiaYakimaandSnakeRivershasturnedthesevalleyswiththeirrichvolcanicsoilintofantasticallyfertilefarmland.isiswheretheworldsbestapplesandsweetestcherriesandonionsaregrown.ColumbiaRiverPlateauImmenselavaowsandpowerfulIceAgeoodssweptacrossthispartofeasternWashingtonthousandsofyearsagocreatingahighplateauwithstunningrockyclisdryfallscanyonscouleesandscablands.ehighplateauoftheColumbiaRiverwasformedbylavathathardenedfromvolcaniceruptionseonsago.Didyouknowthatthisisoneofthebiggestlavaowsintheworldcovering100000squaremilesIndesolaterockyareasyoucanstillseepatchesoflavarockGrandCouleeDameGrandCouleeDamisthelargestconcretedamintheworld.ereisenoughconcreteinthedamtobuildahighwayfromLosAngelestoNewYorkCity.fastfactsgeographyWASHINGTONJohnMarshall onthesurfaceoftheplateau.esearecalledscablands.Onlyplantsthatneedlittlewatersuchassagebrushcangrowhere.About10000yearsagoahugeice-dammedlakeGlacialLakeMissoulainnorthwesternMontanasuddenlyburstitsdamandemptiedtothewest.ItreleasedagigantictidalwaveofwaterthatoodedandshapedmanyofthelandformsoftheColumbiaPlateau.Todayyoucanstillseedrycanyonscalledcouleesanddryfallsrockyremindersofthetremendouspoweroftheoods.PalousePrairieegentlyrollinghillsofsoutheasternWashingtonwiththeirdistinctivewave-likeshapearecalledthePalouse.esepeculiarhumpsandhollowswereformedduringtheIceAgeswhenmanylayersofsiltwereleftbyhugeoodsandwind-blowndirt.Until150yearsagomuchofthePalousewasstillprairiewithclumpsofbunchgrassesandmanydierentkindsofwild-owers.Todaymostofthelandisfarmedandthisiswhereourwheatisgrown.InlatespringandearlysummerthehillsofthePalouseturnabeautifulgreenandgold.RockyMountainHighNortheasternWashingtonisalittleliketheoldWildWest.Lookfortumbleweedscoyotesandmaybeevenacowboyisisaplacewherecattleroamfreeamongforestandsagebrush.eruggedRockyMountainscutacrossthisnortheasterncornerofthestate.WaterWaterEverywhereWashingtonisawateryplaygroundwithmanybodiesofwaterowinginoutandacrossthestate.Wehavehundredsoflakesandriversandthousandsofmilesofshoreline.DIGit.StoneroseFossilsInaremotenortheasterncornerofWashington50-million-year-oldplantsinsectsandevensharerecordedinstone.esevividfossilsalsoholdcluestothePacicNorthwestsgeologicandbiologicpast.YoucanvisittheStoneroseInterpretiveCenterinRepublicWashingtonandevendigforyourownfossilsatthisfamoussite. historyRiversWashingtonsmostimportantandlargestriveristheColumbia.Itcarriesmorethanhalfofthewaterthatfallsinthestateandcoversmorethan1000mileseColumbiabeginsinBritishColumbiaCanadaandowsthruWashingtoncreatingtheborderbetweenWashingtonandOregonbeforeemptyingintothePacicOcean.ItslargetributariesincludetheSnakeSpokaneOkanoganandYakimaRivers.elargestdamintheworldtheGrandCouleeDamisbuiltontheColumbiaRiver.WashingtonalsohasmanywildandscenicriversnamedforsomeofourNativetribessuchastheSkagitSnohomishYakamaandKlickitat.eseareimportantforwildlifeandarepopularforshingandbirdwatching.Andweareworld-renownedforourwhite-waterriversliketheMethowSkykomishandWenatcheewhereyoucanenjoyraftingkayakingandcanoeing.ARiverRunsruiteColumbiaRiverGorgeeGorgeasWashingtonianscallitistheonlynaturalbreakthroughtheCascadeMountains.isspectacularrivercanyonis90mileslongandupto4000feetdeepwiththenorthcanyonwallsinWashingtonStateandthesouthcanyonwallsinOregonState.Itssogorge-ousitsbeendeclaredaU.S.NationalScenicArea.HereyoucanseemorewaterfallsthananywhereelseintheNorthwestandenjoysomeofthebestwindsurngintheworld.LakesDidyouknowthattherearemorethan1000naturallakesinWashingtonSomewereformedbyglaciersothersareman-madelakescalledreservoirs.WashingtonslargestanddeepestnaturallakeisLakeChelan.Itis55mileslongwithcleanglacier-fedwaters.estateslargestlakeLakeRooseveltisactuallyaman-madelake.Itstretchesfor151milesbehindtheGrandCouleedam.Otherlargeman-madelakesareUmatillaLakebehindJohnDayDamLakeWallulabehindMcNaryDamandRossLakebehindRossDam.esearefunrecreationalareasforcampingandswimming.WashingtonsLargestNaturalLakesLakeChelan32000acresLakeWashington22138acresLakeOzette7787acresMosesLake6815acresLakeOsoyoos5723acresLakeCrescent5187acresLakeWhatcom5003acresLakeSammamish4897acresLakeQuinault3729acres10geographyWASHINGTONJohnMarshall PacicCoastlineIncludingthePacicOceanPugetSoundandHoodCanalWashingtonhasmorethan3000milesofsaltwatershorelinetoexplore.OntheruggednortherncoastsouthofCapeFlatteryyoucanseeseastackrocksgraywhalessealssealionsandmanyshorebirds.Atlowtidelookfortidepoolslledwithbrightorangepurpleandredstarsh.DidyouknowthatwehavemorekindsofstarshorseastarsthananywhereelseintheworldesouthernhalfofWashingtonscoasthaslongstretchesofsandybeach.Hereyoucanenjoykiteyingsurf-shingbeachcombingandbicycleandhorsebackriding.elongestuninterruptedstretchofbeachisthe28-mileLongBeachPeninsula.11JohnMarshall NativeAmericansWashingtonsfascinatinghistorybeginswiththeNativeAmericans.ForthousandsofyearsbeforeEuropeanexplorersarrivedthelandthatisnowWashingtonwashometoabout70tribesofIndians.SometribesliketheQuinaultMakahandQuileutelivedonthePacicCoast.OthersliketheYakamaColvilleandSpokanelivedontheplainsandvalleysofeasternWashington.Manyvillageswereclusteredalongtheoceanorriverssotheycouldshforsalmon.HuntingfordeerelkbearandsmallgameforcedtheinteriortribestomovearoundmorethancoastalIndians.CoastalIndiansmetwithinteriortribesfortrade.eytraveledinbigcanoesorwalkedalongfoottrailsthatfollowedstreamsandvalleys.CoastalcanoestraveleduptheColumbiaRivertotheannualtradefairateDalleswheregoodswereexchangedwithinlandtribes.IndianfamiliesfromallovertheNorthwestcametovisitdancegambletellstoriesandexchangegoods.WhentherstwhiteexplorersarrivedtheIndianstradedgoodswiththemandshowedthemwheretoshndplantstoeatandsurvive.ewhitesunfortunatelybroughtsmallpoxandotherdiseaseswiththemthatkilledthousandsofIndianpeoplesometimesupto90ofthepopulationofvillages.enlargenumbersofsettlersarrivedandchangedtheIndianwayoflifeforever.ManycitiescountiestownsriverslakesandmountainsinWash-ingtonstillhavetheiroriginalIndiannames.SeattleourlargestcitywasnamedafterChiefSealthpronouncedSee-elth.TodayWash-ingtonishometo29Indiantribeswiththeirowngovernments.etraditionsofancientdaysarekeptaliveinthestoriessongsdancespowwowscanoeracesandartoftodaysIndiannations.EarlyExplorersWhydopeopleexploreSometoclaimnewterritorysometofurtherknowledgesometoexperienceadventureotherstoincreasewealth.About250hundredyearsagoexplorersrstarrivedalongWash-ingtonsCoastintallshipswithhugesails.AsteadystreamofLifeinaNativeCoastalVillageImaginelifeinacoastalIndianvillagethousandsofyearsago.Childrenarerunningandplayingonthebeachwhilemenindugoutcanoesarespearingsalmonforfood.Onthebeachsomewomenarediggingintothesandforclamswithsticks.Othersareweavingintricatebasketsmatsandclothingfromcedarbark.Ayoungwomancoilstwofreshdiapersfromsoft-shreddedcedarbarkandthenrunstoacryingbaby.Inthedistancesmokerisesfromasmolderingrewhereshisbeingsmokedforwinteruse.1historicWASHINGTON 1FurTradersExplorersclaimedthelandcharteditandleft.Intheearly1800smanyfurtradersandtrappersarrivedeagertomaketheirfortuneinfursorsoftgold.FurhatsandcapeshadbecomestylishinEuropeandbeaverpeltswereextremelyvaluable.BothBritainandtheU.S.setuptradingpostsinthePacicNorthwest.eHudsonsBayCompanywasoneofthelargesttradingcompaniesandin1825establishedFortVancouverontheColumbiaRiver.ItbecamethebiggestandmostimportantcommunityinWashingtonatthetime.shipsSpanishEnglishAmericanandRussiancamelookingforaNorthwestPassagefromthePacictotheAtlanticOcean.eseadventurerschartedandnamedmanyofthebaysriverssoundsandislandsoftheNorthwestCoast.ForexampleCaptainRobertGraydiscoveredtheColumbiaRiverin1792andnameditafterhisshiptheColumbia.AndCaptainGeorgeVancouvernamedMt.BakerafteracrewmemberandMt.RainierafterafriendandAdmiral.Oncethecoastlinewasmappedinterestshiftedinland.Expedi-tionsweresenttosetuptradingpostsalongriversandtondaroutetothePacic.FollowthePathofLewisClarkerstexpeditionacrossthecontinentwasledbyMeriwetherLewisandWilliamClark.eytraveledthousandsofmilesbyfootonhorsebackandbycanoe.acrossruggedmountainrangesthroughdenseforestsoverendlessplainsandragingwaters.ejourneywaslongandhard.After18monthsLewisClarknallyreachedthePacicOceanandthemouthofColumbiainNovember1805.eywouldnthavemadeitwithoutthehelpofIndiantribesalongthewayinparticularanIndianwomannamedSacagawea.HercourageandknowledgeofthelandplantsandotherIndianlanguagescontributedtothesuccessoftheexpedition.LewisClarkmademapsofthewestkeptrecordsofhundredsofplantsandcreatednewopportunitiesfortrade.LewisClarkExpeditionLewisClarkweretherstexplorerstocrossthecontinentandreachthePacicOceanin1805. Whilelookingforfursmanymountainmendiscoveredriversvalleysandmountaintrails.eyknewwhichriverswerenavigableandwhichridgeswerepassesthroughmountains.Whenbeaverbecamescarceinthe1840ssometrappersbecameguidesforsettlerswhocamewest.SettlerseOregonTrailAsmorepeoplemovedtotheNorthwesttheUnitedStatesandBritainagreedtodividethelandtheyhadpreviouslyshared.eBritishmovedtheirfurtradingoperationsnorthintoCanada.In1848theU.S.CongresscreatedtheOregonTerritory.Itincludedallofpresent-dayWashingtonOregonIdahoandpartsofMontanaandWyoming.Startingwiththerstwagonin1842thousandsofsettlersfollowedtheOregonTrailwest.ManywereluredbygoldtoCaliforniabutover50000headedtotheOregonTerritory.HeremostoftheearlypioneerssettledsouthoftheColumbiaRiverbutsomemovednorthandfoundtheirwaytothePugetSoundarea.WashingtonTerritoryStatehoodBy1853Washingtonhadenoughpeople3965toformitsownseparateterritoryfromtheOregonTerritory.enewgovernorIsaacStevenswantedNativeAmericanstogiveuptheirclaimtolandinWashingtonTerritorytomakeroomformoresettlers.HemadetreatieswiththeIndianspromisingthemcertainrightsiftheygaveuptheirland.ManyIndianleadersdidntwanttolosetheirlandorgiveuptheirtradi-tionalwayoflife.Whennewsofthesetreatiesspreadmoresettlerspouredinfromtheeast.ethickforestsandtalltreesbroughtlumber-jacks.SawmillssprunguparoundthePugetSound.Townsaroundthesawmillsgrewintocities.Itwasnotuntilthe1880sthatthepopulationofWash-ingtonreached125000anumberconsideredlargeenoughforstatehood.OnNovember111889Washingtonbecamethe42ndstateoftheUnitedStates.historicWASHINGTON1eOregonTrailMenwomenandchildrenwalkedandcoaxedtheirheavywagonsandtiredoxenover2000miles.ecovered-wagontripcouldlastfrom15-28weeksdependingonweatheroodingdiseaseandotherunpredictablefactorsandhardships.Familieswouldformlongwagontrainsonewagonafteranother.Closefriendshipsoftendevelopedalongthetrailandmanyyoungpeoplemettheirfuturewivesandhusbandsonthetrip. NaturePreserves120StateParks13NationalParksRecreationAreas6NationalForests20NationalWildlifeRefugesMarineSanctuaries1J.DeFoerwildWASHINGTONNaturalHistoryWashingtonisteemingwithlivingthingsfromtinytreefrogstoburlybears.Stepintoourrainforestsandyoullseesomeofthebiggestslugsandtallesttreesintheworld.AlongourcoastalriversyoullseemorebaldeaglesthaninanyotherstateexceptAlaska.Oursaltwaterishometotheworldslargestoctopusorcawhalessealsandsealionsjusttonameafewofourspecialanimals.OurEvergreenForestsDidyoueverwonderwhywearenicknamedtheevergreenstateItsbecausemorethanhalfofWashingtonwasoncecoveredbyforests.Mostofourtreesareevergreensorconifers.ismeanstheydontlosetheirleavesorneedlesandstaygreenall-yearlong.estatetreeisthewesternhemlock.ItgrowsalloverWash-ington.OurlargestandthickestforestsgrowontheslopesofthewesternCascadeandOlympicMountains.Hereyoucanseeanoldgrowthforestwithtreesthataremorethan300feettalland600yearsold.OntheeastsideofthemountainstherearedryponderosapineandDouglasrforestsaswellaswideopenstretcheswithnotrees.WhatsBloomingWashingtonisawildowerwonderlandwithmorethan3000dierentkindsofowers.Oureldsandmeadowslookliketheywerepaintedwiththebrightcolorsoftherainbow.SomecommonowersarepinkreweedredIndianpaintbrushpurplelupinesandgoldenrod.InspringthepinkowersoftheCoastRhododendronourstateowercoverthehillsidesandslopesofwesternWashington.Insummerourmountainmeadowsburstwithcolorfulblooms. MountainGoatsMarmotsandmorePerhapsWashingtonsbest-knownanimalsareourmarinemammals.Orcawhalessealsporpoisessealionsandottersareoftenseeninourcoastalwaters.Graywhalescanbespottedblowingoshoreduringspringandfallmigration.Washingtonsforestseldsmeadowsandmarshesarehometomanyanimals.Coyotesfoxesbeaversandraccoonsarenativetomuchofthestate.Youmightbeluckyandseeablackbearelkordeerinourforests.Sightingsofmountainlionsarerare.Marshesarehometobeaverminkandmuskrat.Highuponourmountainslopeswatchforscragglymountaingoatsandfurrymarmotsandpikas.Washingtonsriversandsaltwaterarehometovetypesofsalmonaswellwhiteshgiantsturgeonandseveralkindsoftrout.Crabsshrimpclamsoystersandsomeofthelargestoctopusintheworldliveinourcoldoceanwaters.FeatheredFriendsHundredsofbirdsliveinWashingtonorpassthroughonmigration..fromhugebaldeaglestotinyhummingbirds.ewillowgoldnchwhichisfoundalloverWashingtonwaschosenbyschoolchildrenasourstatebird.Inourrainforestsyoullhearravensandwoodpeckersandthebeautifulsongofwoodthrushes.Bringyourbinocularstoourshorelinessoyoucangetaclose-upOurWildBeachesWashingtonhasmilesofwildbeachestoexplore.Enjoytheroarofcrashingwavescallsofgullsandstunningsunsets.Atlowtideyoumightndtidepoolslledwithstarshurchinsanemonesandothersmallseaanimals.Youllalsoprobablyseethefootprintsofshorebirdsalloverthebeachbutyoumayalsondthoseofbeardeerraccoonsandriverotters.naturalWASHINGTON1 viewofagreatblueheronorbaldeagleandcheckoutthelargeocksofshorebirdsducksandgeese.ItsfuntotakeaboattripuptheSkagitRiverinwinterandgetclosetohundredsofbaldeaglesfeedingonspawnedsalmon.EasternWashingtonisknownforitscolorfulsongbirds.Bluebirdsandmeadowlarksarecommon.Ifyoureluckyyoumightseeabrightyellowandredwesterntanagerperchedinaponderosapine.OneofthemostspectacularandraresightingsissandhillcranesintheColumbiaNationalWildlifeRefugenearOthello.inkGREENSincewearelocatedinoneofthemostnaturallybeautifulareasintheworlditisimportanttoWashingtonianstopreserveandprotectourenvironment.Wearehometomanyendangeredspecies.Oursalmonarethreatenedandsoareourorcawhalesandspottedowls.Weareconcernedaboutprotectingourold-growthforestswheretreeshaveneverbeencut.inkinggreenmeansthatscientistsenvironmentalistsandgovernmentsareworkinghardtogethertoconserveourresources.Loggedareasarebeingreforestedsalmonstreamsarebeingcleanedupandpreserved.Fishladdersarebeingbuilttohelpsalmongetarounddamsandthegovernmenthassetlimitsonthenumberofsalmoncaughteachyear.Wehave120StateParks13NationalParksandRecreationAreas6NationalForestsandover20NationalWildRefugesandMarineSanctuariesthathelppreserveplantsandanimalsandimportantnestingandspawninggrounds.WehopeyouwillvisitsomeofthesespecialplacesandhelpuspreserveandkeepthemcleanRememberwhenyourevisitingourwildforestsparkslakesandbeachestakeonlypicturesandleaveonlyfootprints.1AndreaHeimer FunStutoDoerearealmosttoomanywaystohavefunhereinWash-ington.Sometimesitsdiculttochoosewhattodo.YoucangowhalewatchingexploremilesofoceanbeachhikeinanancientrainforestclimbupavolcanoorskidownitvisitaghosttownexperiencearodeoorrideuptheSpaceNeedlejusttonameafew.Wehavelotsofopenspaceandgreatplacestohikebikehorsebackridekayakskisailorwindsurf.ereiscampinghikingandpicnickinginournationalandstateparks.Washingtonalsohascoolculturalplacestovisitmuseumsnativeculturalcentersandartgalleries.Herearejustafewofourfavoritewaystohavefun.LetsGoWhaleWatchingDoyouwanttoseewhalesinthewildFromMaytoOctoberorcawhalesarefoundinthewatersofPugetSoundandaremostcommonlyseenaroundtheSanJuanIslands.Itsreallyexcitingtowatchtheselargemarinemammalsbreachoutofthewaterorspy-hop.YoucanalsoseehugegraywhalessurfaceoWashingtonscoastduringspringandfallmigration.VisitaGhostTownCatchatasteoftheglamourandgoldoftheWildWestbyvisitingoneofWashingtonsghosttowns.OldMolsonineasternWashingtonjustbelowtheCanadianborderisanabandonedgoldminingtownthathasbeenpreservedasamuseum.Hereyoucanseeghostlyweatheredbuildingsoldminesandevenasaloonwithbulletholes.NearlyeverycountyinWashingtonhasatleastoneghosttown.visitwww.ghosttowns.comRidetotheTopoftheSeattleSpaceNeedleItlookslikeaspaceshipperchedonapolebutitsactuallySeattlesSpaceNeedle.Builtforthe1962WorldsFairyoucannowrideuptothetopofthe605-foottowerandgetagreatviewofthecitywaterandsurroundingmountains.1wOnderfulWASHINGTON 1HoponaFerryHoponaWashingtonStateFerryandgrabaseat.ItsafunwaytoenjoyaridethroughPugetSoundorintotheSanJuanIslands.Youllseesomeofthemostbeautifulsceneryandsunsetsinthecountry.Ifyoureluckyyoumightspotsealsporpoisessealionsorevenorcawhalesothedecks.HikeinMt.RainierNationalParkDontmissavisittoMt.RainierNationalParkwhereyoucangetarst-handlookatourhighestmountainwhichisadormantvolcano.Youcanhikeonover300milesofparktrailsandseeold-growthforestsmassiveglaciersandvastsnoweldsandalpinemeadowswithhundredsofwildowers.GoFlyaKiteatLongBeachForcolorfulfuninthesuncheckoutWashingtonsInternationalKiteFestivalonthebeautifulLongBeachPeninsula.isweek-longkitecelebrationinAugustdrawsfamouskiteiersfromallaroundtheworld.YoucanjointhefunwithyourownkiteyingadventureonthelongestnaturalbeachintheU.S.atswhyitscalledLongBeachTakeintheEllensburgRodeoReadyforsomeWildWestfunDontmisstheEllensburgRodeoinearlySeptember.isisoneoftheoldestandmostpopularrodeosinthecountry.DressedintheirnestregaliatheYakamaIndianNationstartsoeacheveningseventswithatraditionaldanceinthearena. BoeingTourFutureofFlightAviationCenterWanttoseethelargestbuildingintheworldaccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecordsItstheBoeingFactoryinEverettjustnorthofSeattle.Hereyoucanwatchhowthelatestandlargestjetaircraftarebuilt.YoullalsowanttovisitthenewFutureofFlightAviationCenterwhereyoucandigitallydesignandtestyourownjetridetheXJ5FlightSimulatorandyatsupersonicspeeds.0LookInsidetheWorldsLargestDamDontmisstheGrandCouleeDamthelargestdamintheworldYoucantakeasteepscaryrideinaglass-enclosedelevatordownintothedamandgetalookinsideatthegiantturbines.EveryeveningfromMemorialDaythroughSeptemberyoucanenjoytheworldslargestlaserlightshowprojectedonthedamsspillway.WallaWallaHotAirBalloonsExperiencetheexcitementofhotairballooningattheWallaWallaBalloonStampede.isfestivalwhichoccursinmid-Mayincludesbreath-takingightsandaNiteGlowShow.Havefunwatchingover40hotairballoonslightuptheskies.wOnderfulWASHINGTON 1WindsurfintheColumbiaGorgeGrabyourboardandcatchsomeofthebestwindsintheworldattheColumbiaGorge.edeepnarrowgorgeisnotonlyagreatwindtunnelbutoneofthemostscenicplacesinthestate...andcountry.IthasbeendeclaredaU.S.ScenicArea.LakeChelanBoatRideLakeChelanwithitscleanandfreshwaterisoneofthebestswimmingcampingandhikingspotsineasternWashington.Takeaspectacularboat-tripuptotheremoteupperlaketoseetoweringgraniteclisdeepevergreenforestsandjaggedsnow-cappedpeaks.VisitaRainforestExperienceoneofthegreenestandwettestplacesonearthaWashingtonrainforest.IfyouwanderthroughtheancientHohRainForestinOlympicNationalParkyouwillseehugetreesandmonstermossesandferns.Someofthetreesareover300feettallIfyoureluckyyoumightevenseeayingsquirrelorendangeredspottedowlhighupinthecanopy.DontforgetyourraingearJonBrunk WashingtonsPeopleWhoareweAtonetimeNativeAmericansweretheonlypeoplelivingonthelandthatwenowcallWashington.TodayWashingtonisoneofthefastestgrowingstatesinthenationwithapopulationofoversixmillion.Ourpeoplehaveinterestingculturalrootsandtraditionsthatarecelebratedinmanyfestivals.ereareNorwegianYuleFestsJapaneseCherryBlossomFestivalsChineseNewYearCelebra-tionsandtheIndianPowwowstonamejustafew.MostWashing-tonianshaveEuropeanancestorsbutwealsohavestrongAsianandHispaniccommunities.SowhydosomanypeoplewanttoliveinWashingtoneylikeitsnaturalbeautyandoutdoorfuntheclimateismildthepeoplearefriendlyandtherearemanydierenttypesofjobs.WheredoweLiveWashingtonisagreatplacetoliveandwork.SomeofourcitieslikeSpokaneineasternWashingtonandBellinghaminwesternWashingtonhavebeenvotedinthetoptentownstoliveintheUnitedStates.Ourstatespopulationisunevenlydistributed.SomeareasofeasternWashingtonhaveveryfewpeoplewhilepartsofwesternWashingtonarecrowded.Almosttwo-thirdsofourpopulationliveswestoftheCascadeMountainsinwesternWashington.OverfourmillionofWashingtonsresidentslivearoundSeattleonthePugetSound.WhatdoweDoEverystatedependsoncertainindustriessothatitscitizenswillbeabletoworkandearnmoneyfortheirhousesfoodcarsandfunthingstodo.InWashingtonwestartedowithforestryshingandfarmingbutnowwearefamousforBoeingairplanesMicrosoftcomputersandStarbuckscoee.WantmorefunthingstodoinWashingtonGototheocialstatewebsitewww.experiencewashington.comformoreactivitiesandattractionsyoucanvisit.ExperiencetheEMPDontmisstheExperienceMusicProjectoneofSeattlesmostexcitingbuildingsandinter-activemuseums.Hereyoucangrabaguitar.Holdamic.Bangthedrums.Learnaboutrockandrollhistory.CheckouttheextensivememorabiliaandartifactsfromlegendslikeJimiHendrixBobDylanKurtCobaintonamejustafew.wOrkingWASHINGTON WashingtonsLargestCities1.Seattle2.Spokane3.Tacoma4.Vancouver5.Bellevue6.Everett7.Yakima8.BellinghamWashingtonsPeoplePopulation6287759in2005SinceWashingtonisclosertoAsiathanmostotherstatesmanyofWashingtonsproductsareshippedtoMexicoandCanadaandacrossthePacicOceantoJapanChinaandKorea.YoucanseetallcranesandhugecargoshipsandbargesinportsaroundPugetSoundloadingandunloadinggoodsfromaroundthePacicRim.BoeingeworldslargestaircraftmanufacturerBoeingwasfoundedinSeattle.eybuilttherstjetthattookightintheU.S.andstartedtherstcommercialjetairlinerserviceintheU.S.inthe1950s.eBoeingplantislocatedinEverettjustnorthofSeattle.ItisintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsasthelargestbuildingintheworld.Itcoversover98acresandissolargethatithasitsownredepartment.Youcantourthefactoryandwatchhowthelatestandlargestjetaircraftarebuilt.MicrosoftBillGatesstartedwritingcomputerprogramswhenhewasonly13yearsold.In1975heandafriendPaulAllenstartedMicrosoftacompanythatmakessoftwareforcomputersandin1985MicrosoftreleaseditsrstversionofMicrosoftWindows.TodayMicrosoftisaworld-wideleaderincomputersoftwareandisstillbasedinRedmondnortheastofSeattleWashington.AlthoughBillGatesisoneoftherichestmenintheworldheiswidelyrecognizedforhishumanitarianeortsthroughtheGatesFoundation.JohnMarshall StarbucksIn1971StarbucksCoeeopeneditsrststoreinSeattle.irty-veyearslatertherearemorethan6500StarbuckscoeeshopsaroundtheworldincludingChina.eyarepopularwithstudentsandyoungprofessionals.StarbucksheadquartersarestillinSeattleandwearefamousaroundtheworldforcoeeandlattelingo.Amazon.comSeattleisalsohometooneoftheworldslargestandmostpopularon-linestores.Amazon.comwasfoundedin1994byJeBezosinaSeattlegarage.Itwasoneoftherstinternetstores.AmazonbeganasanonlinebookstorebutsoonaddedmusicCDsDVDselectronicsappliancesandmore.ItnowhasseparatewebsitesinCanadatheUnitedKingdomGermanyAustriaFranceChinaandJapanandistheEarthslargestbookstore.ForestryLumberhasalongandimportanthistoryinWashington.ManyoftheearlysettlerswereloggersandlotsofcitiesbeganassawmilltownsincludingTacomaBellinghamEverettandAnacortes.SeattlewashometotheoriginalSkidRoad.TodayWashingtonissecondamongallstatesinlumberproduction.FishingWashingtonsalmoncomesinmanycolors.pinkredandsilver.WecatchandpackagemoresalmonthananyotherstateexceptAlaska.Believeitornottherearemorethantwohundredotheredibleshandshellshcaughtinourcoastalwatersandinlandrivers.WearealsofamousforourdeliciousOlympiaoystersPennCovemusselsandHoodCanalshrimp.FarmingWashingtonisrstinthenationwhenitcomestoapplespearssweetcherriesredraspberriesandhops.WealsohavethesweetestonionsourfamousWallaWallaonions.DidyouknowthatWashingtonsappleorchardsproduceabout15billionappleseachyearmorethananyotherstateWehaveallkindsofvarietiesFujiJonagoldGrannySmithRedDeliciousGoldenDeliciousandBraeburns.enexttimeyoubiteintoanapplechecktoseeifitsfromWashington.wOrkingWASHINGTONCherriesandApplesWashingtongrowsmorecherriesandapplesthananyotherstate. 1.WhatisWashingtonsnickname2.WhatisthelargestcityinWashington3.eworldslargestbuildingislocatedinEverettWashington.Whatdotheybuildhere4.WhatisnameofWashingtonslargestriver5.WhatoceanbordersWashingtononthewest6.WhatisthenameofWashingtonshighestmountain7.eworldslargestdamislocatedincentralWashington.Whatisitsname8.WhatisthenameofWashingtonslargestnaturallake9.Nameanendangeredspeciesthatisalsoourstatemammal.10.Whatisourstatebird11.WhatisthenameofourmostfamousvolcanoAndwhendiditlasterupt12.WhendidLewisClarkreachthePacicOcean13.BillGatesisoneoftheworldsrichestmen.Whatcompanydidhecreate14.SeattleistheespressocapitaloftheU.S.Whatcoeecompanystartedhere15.Aresalmonfreshwaterorsaltwatersh16.RedDeliciousandFujiarenamesofoneofWashingtonsmostfamousfruits.Whatarethey17.Whatisanold-growthforestandhowoldarethetrees18.WhatgeographicfeaturemakeswesternWashingtonsowetandeasternWashingtonsodry19.WhatmountaininWashingtonholdstherecordforthemostsnowfallintheU.S.20.WhereisthestateCapitolTwentyBrainTeasers.TestyourWashingtonI.Q.Answers1.eEvergreenState2.Seattle3.BoeingAirplanes4.ColumbiaRiver5.PacicOcean6.MountRainier7.GrandCouleeDam8.LakeChelan9.OrcaWhale10.Goldnch11.MountSaintHelensin198012.180513.Microsoft14.Starbucks15.Boththeyliveintheoceanbutspawninrivers16.Apples17.Wheretreeshaveneverbeencutandcanbe600yearsold18.CascadeMountains19.MountBaker20.OlympiaUnlessotherwisenotedallphotoscourtesyofWashingtonStateTourism.FrontCoverHeatherSteeleBackCoverJeanBoyleWashingtonStateTourism.Page2insetcourtesyofFutureofFlightAviationCenterPages45insetsJohnMarshallPage7insetsAudreyFraggaloschSunnyWalterPages89insetsJohnMarshallPage10insetJohnMarshallPage11insetsJohnMarshallStevenHawleyPage12insetsSharonGraingerPages20-21insetsL-RMattBrownWAStateTourismJohnMarshallCascadeLoopAssoc.FutureofFlightAviationCenterWashingtonStateTourism.